Classical vs. Keynsian Economics Essay Example for Free

Old style versus Keynsian Economics Essay There are a few critical components that separate Classical from Keynesian financial aspects. Old style financial matters remains consistent with the free enterprise idea of no administration intervention in organizations with the supposition that the economy will work itself out. Keynesian financial matters, then again, rotates around shortage spending and the conviction that basically â€Å"in the since quite a while ago run, we’re all going to die†. The two schools of financial aspects take an alternate position on the conduct of customers, monetary arrangement, and government spending. Old style business analysts, fundamentally, screen what is right now coming to pass in the economy. They accept that the economy is steady and self-supporting in light of the fact that over the long haul, the market as far as anyone knows consequently changes with â€Å"booms† and â€Å"busts†. This standard is vigorously affected by the age of industrialization †during and after. In a Classical monetary model, financial analysts assent individuals’ activities and wants, accordingly permitting costs to change dependent on that individuals’ needs. Say’s Law explains this marvel by saying that flexibly makes its own interest and in result, the economy is animated when more merchandise are created. Besides, Classicalists don't act with monetary strategies and firmly accept the idea that administration spending hinders a nation’s financial development Keynesian market analysts accept that the legislature is defective and can't support itself so government intercession isn't just helpful, yet in addition significant to intervene the economy. Their position on monetary strategy is to either contract or grow the economy with explicit apparatuses relying upon the hole in the economy. In a Keynesian monetary model, market analysts depend on government spending to kick off an economy on the off chance that it was hauled down into a downturn. When there is an absence of development, the legislature ought to animate interest. By and by, I would concur with Classical financial matters, yet with all the presumptions present it is almost difficult to favor them. The majority of the presumptions are false and are basic to precisely discover an answer for monetary issues. For example, President Ronald Reagan was enthusiastic about theâ theory of hands-off business, yet he looted the country into the most extreme deficiency; more than the entirety of his forerunners consolidated. Not having government intercession is about inconceivable since there is consistently a need to intercede the economy. I would side more with Keynesian financial matters since there is quite often a commonsense answer for an issue. At the end of the day, it resembles a calculation: you need such a great amount to get the ideal yield. For example, in the Great Depression of 2008, the administration effectively utilized expansionary monetary approach to help the economy. Government spending was inconceivably expanded, just as charges. Our economy was step by step cured by the strategies that were sanctioned upon, therefore my purpose behind favoring Keynesian financial matters.

Government Debt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Government Debt - Essay Example Outer government obligation alludes to the total supports gathered from outside the nation from remote financial specialists and governments. As per Gartner (2006, p. 68) the legislature will consistently sell its protections in the open market when it needs to raise assets from the financial specialists. Key exchanged government protections the open market incorporate however not restricted to treasury bills, notes and securities (Snowdon and Vane (1997, p.103). Sovereign obligation alludes to government obligation owed to speculators for the most part outside in remote monetary standards. Shone (1989, p. 119) states that Sovereign obligations are regularly utilized by the administration when they are needing enormous measure of cash to complete a costly open undertaking. Sovereign obligation is viewed as dangerous inferable from the way that it is influenced by variance in cash and any default by the giving organization may mean low FICO assessment and no further obligation progres sion as remote financial specialists will be frightened off. Government bonds, which is the regular type of raising income from neighborhood financial specialists in nearby money is profoundly favored by most government since it isn't influenced by the FICO score of the long distances (and Scott 2005, p.19). Tragically the United Kingdom government obligation has been developing at a disturbing rate over the ongoing past. The worldwide downturn that started in 2008 has left a few formed country into tremendous obligations. Carlin and Soskice (2006;101), states that the UK higher spending shortfall can be ascribed to the huge government spending and low government income attributable to loss of employments and decreased spending. The UK society has been appreciating the shortfall sending without a brief look at its results. The United Kingdom obligation which incorporates the total measure of cash possessed by the focal government in type of government securities, sovereign securitie s, Social Security trust finance, and gathered capital use. Monetary union alludes to the strategies taken by the administration to deal with its obligation and diminish its spending shortfall. Monetary combination arrangements fluctuate from nation to nation contingent upon the money related goal of the administration. Most nations are constantly up to speed in issue with regards to financial solidification particularly during downturn. Most economies have been flimsy since the start of downturn as joblessness rate increments every once in a while, key organizations confronting monetary limitations and people losing home loans and therefore it gets hard for the legislature to conclude whether to think of financial boost or financial combination strategies. For example the UK government has been confronting swelling open obligation and spending deficiency while a similar time joblessness rate is heightening extraordinarily. Tobin hypothesis is a hypothesis of speculation conduct lik ewise prestigious as Tonin’s Q Theory and meant by letter â€Å"q†. This hypothesis is utilized to decide the proportion of the organizations gave shares (share money) to the supplanting cost related with the benefits of the organization. Three critical circumstances are apparent while relating the market esteem and the substitution cost and they incorporate â€Å"q† being more noteworthy (q>1), lower (q

Blog Archive MBA News Stanford GSB Class of 2014 Profile

Blog Archive MBA News Stanford GSB Class of 2014 Profile The Stanford Graduate School of Business has released its  Class of 2014 profile, with a few changes of note. A total of 6,716 candidates applied to the MBA program (up slightly from 6,618 last year), with 398 starting this academic year. Women make up about the same percentage of students (35%) as last year (34%), but the percentage of minority students (20%) is much lower than last years 20-year high of 27%. There are more international students than ever and these students represent 53 non-U.S. countries. Ninety-one undergraduate institutions are represented, but only 17% of the Class of 2014 majored in business. Stanford’s average GMAT score was 729, with a range of 550 to 790â€"compared with last years median score of 730 and range of 580 to 790. Beyond the statistics, we encourage you to take note of Stanford’s declaration, We dont admit categories; we admit individuals. There are no quotas or targets in the admission process, and each applicant is evaluated entirely on his or her own merits. So if you do not look like this class profile, do not worry! As Stanford notes, There is no metric that can measure character. Share ThisTweet News Stanford University (Stanford Graduate School of Business)

Education Keeping the Republic Together Essay - 654 Words

Education: Keeping the Republic Together Our world today puts huge amounts of emphasis on education, specifically in order to get a better job, make more money or take enjoyment in what we do. We see a similar importance placed on education in Socrates’ make believe city, as described in Plato’s Republic. However, Socrates has made it clear that this education is not for personal betterment or gain, but rather for the common good. Socrates has created his Republic with education of its citizens at the core. This education is put in place to serve many functions, such as development of preferred character traits for the warrior class, creation of equality between the sexes and as a means of indication as to what jobs would suit which†¦show more content†¦In addition to using education as a method of molding the warrior class, Socrates wishes it to be a means by which men and women’s positions and levels in society are equalized. â€Å"[. . .] If we use the women for the same things as the men, they must also be taught the same things [. . .] Now, we gave the men music and poetry and physical training [. . .] Then we must give these two crafts, as well as those having to do with warfare, to the women also to use in the same way as the men use them† (451e, 452a). Because Socrates believes that nature is defined by capacities, men and women aren’t to be separated biologically but rather by their capabilities as members of the working and warrior classes. To ensure that each man and women’s capacities are truly recognized they must be educated in the same fashion so as not to create an intelligence and job potential rift between the sexes. In this way education has brought men and women to an equal playing field, despite their apparent biological differences. A third goal of Socrates’ education policy is to create fair and just rulers, who extend themselves solely for the good of the city and not for personal gain. Socrates is convinced that becau se philosophers are the only people who do not wish to rule (they have better things to do with their time), theyShow MoreRelatedPoverty in the Dominican Republic Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesDevelopment throughout the life of a person depends on nourishment, shelter, education, and many other factors. A person cannot lead a full life without catering to their needs and interests, and living in poverty does not help. Poverty levels affect many people all over the world, specifically, the Dominican Republic. I recently took a trip there with my mother, and, during this trip, I noticed many dilapidated homes that housed under-nourished families. I feel that these situations do not helpRead MoreKeeping The Children Safe At The School Grounds1153 Words   |  5 Pagesto a Human Rights Reporter how his village tried to protect students at their school from an M23 attack: â€Å"There were rumors that the [M23] were preparing an attack on the school so that they could get the children for military service. So we got together, all of the parents, and put in place a security alert system where we left two parents outside the school and two others along the road from where the fighters came. As soon as one of those who went to check on the movement of [M23 forces] saw fightersRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato And Modern Day Social Classes1282 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Republic, Plato divides social classes into three categories. These categories were Rulers, Guardians, and Craftsmen. These classes work together to ideally create Utopia. Plato believes social order must be maintained in order to have a fully functional society. These social classes are similar to the Feudal System, and modern day social classes. Each class has its own role, which if not carried out can disrupt the flow of society. Within each social class all men, women, and children hadRead MoreThe History of the Republic of Moldova1179 Words   |  5 Pagesthat there were occupants on this land during the early Paleolithic Age, who eventually realized they weren’t alone and started cultural diffusion. By the end of the ice age, and through the Neolithic, Copper, Bronze and Iron Ages people started keeping records. Some of these cultures consisted of the Linear Pottery (ca 5500-4500 B.C), Cucuteni-Trypillian Culture (ca 5500- 2750 B.C), and the Yamna Culture (ca 3600-2300 B.C). Over the course of time, Moldova became a very popular tourist place, andRead MoreThe Dominican Republic-Central America-United Stats Free Trade Agreement1218 Words   |  5 PagesDominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) continues to have on Guatemala’s preexisting social issue of child labor. In addition to identifying the general aspects of CAFTA-DR, an examination of the economic and social status of Guatemala as well as its established child labor status will be provided. In conclusion, the Church’s direct involvement with this social issue will be discussed. An Outline of CAFTA-DR Signed in August of 2004, the Dominican Republic-Central America-UnitedRead MoreDamaris Schwarz Political Science Buckley, Michael 9 March, 2014 Madisons Model Power should1200 Words   |  5 Pagesthis possible. One of the principles was to separate the powers of the government into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. The separation of powers allowed each of the three branches to be independent with the exception of working together in order to govern. Congress passes laws, the president applies and manages the laws, and the courts elucidates the laws in distinct conditions. Madison clarified his beliefs in Federalist Paper No. 51 saying that in order for a government to existRead MoreThe Brief Wondrous Life Of Oscar Wao1357 Words   |  6 PagesJunot Diaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, set in the late 1900’s, tells a story of Oscar Wao, an overweight Dominican â€Å"ghetto nerd†, his mother and rebellious sister who live together in Paterson, New Jersey. Throughout the novel Diaz incorporates many different stories about each character that show acts of resistance. One of the most promine nt stories of resistance in the novel is through Oscar’s mom; Beli, who is prompted by great tragedy, known as the Trujillo curse, to love atomicallyRead MoreEssay On Outer Space1019 Words   |  5 PagesSpace Agency (ESA), and various intergovernmental space organizations, the Republic of Austria applauds the significant advancements of space technologies, yet remains deeply concerned about the long-term sustainability of space in relation to the growth of human activities at such exponential rates. Of equally as great importance as the threat of terrorist attacks, the happenings in outer space must be controlled while keeping in mind the provisions for the future, especially in forms of space explorationRead MoreGender Based Violence During And After Conflict1319 Words   |  6 Pagesrights and violence of war or conflict crimes, will continue to get support for women all around the world. This website has focused on these two concepts as a theme for their success in plac es across the globe such as Burma, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Kenya. This organization is compelling because it calls for justice for the women whose basic human rights have been violated, by men guilty of these crimes, specifically rape. The organization connects to our coursework chapter twoRead MoreCulture Of The Country Austria1475 Words   |  6 Pagesworld many different cultures can be found, and while some countries do have similar cultures because of location, every country can offer a unique culture to experience. The Republic of Austria is a landlocked country located in Central Europe. Austria shares its borders with eight other countries including: Czech Republic, Germany, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. If an individual were to either plan a trip or move to Austria he/she would first need to learn about

Reflection on Carl Taylor Lecture Essay - 782 Words

Carl Taylor Reflection Assignment by Parvin Ngala Dr. Carl Taylor’s contribution to the promoting the concept of Primary Health Care is insurmountable. This essay reviews Dr. Taylor’s lecture on â€Å"An Introduction to the roots of Primary Health Care; Path to Alma Ata†. It looks at his insights on Primary Health Care (PHC) and compares and contrasts them with other literature and videos on the same subject shared by Professor Henry Perry. This reflection will look at issues relating to the understanding of Primary Health Care (PHC). It will also look at the methodology of implementation of PHC as proposed and as implemented over the years. The issue of how PHC has been redefined or repackaged will be looked at and what the impact of†¦show more content†¦Dr. Taylor notes the change of focus from comprehensive to selective PHC. Dr. Perry mentions that there was a general push in implementing PHC as per the Alma Ata to identify and target urgent health problems. Programmes such as Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), Oral Rehydration Salts, GOBI-FFF, Global Fund, PEPFAR are examples of selective approaches that were implemented. This as opposed to the comprehensive approach which was meant to put in place systems and mechanisms that were to ensure that everyone had access t o health care. A recurring theme is the fact that Primary Health Care does not just start and end with preventing and curing diseases. Projects such as SEED-SCALE, Jamkhed project promote an integrated approach addressing health issues such as food supply, nutrition, water supply and maternal and child health and socio-economic issues which are often root causes for health issues in a community. These projects have incorporated economic empowerment initiatives as part of the overall Primary Health Care programs. Another thing consistent in all the literature, is that the fact of Primary Health Care did not start with the Alma Ata declaration. Dr. Taylor provides various examples of approaches, which in a way contributed to promoting best practices to what is now defined as Primary HealthShow MoreRelatedSchool Of Immunity And Infection7583 Words   |  31 Pagesthese presented a unique opportunity and specific challenges that I had to take into account, address and conceptualise. I also present and compare my experiences in working with different size audiences at both delivery and feedback stages and my reflections on how this informs my teaching and shaping the ways to improve my future interactions based on the current observations. Trying to cover quite a broad canvas with a few brushstrokes would unavoidably result in some sections having to be less verboseRead MoreMarketing Communication in the Hospitality Industry34407 Words   |  138 Pages......................................................... 59 6 Conclusions........................................................................ 60 7 Final Discussion................................................................. 62 7.1 Reflections .................................................................................. 62 7.2 Further Research ........................................................................ 62 References ................................................Read MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 Pagesrest) will largely be ignored. The aim of this workshop is to generate understanding about organisations and the part that people play in them, by building bridges between theory and practice. 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Taylor believed that if the amount of time and effortRead MoreGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words   |  336 Pages(Paris) This edition published 2002 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor Francis e-Library, 2004.  © 1995 Éditions Dalloz English edition: editorial matter and selection  © 2002 Christian Schmidt; individual chapters  © the contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprintedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesby adding more application questions. †¢ Revised the PowerPoint slides. A MESSAGE TO STUDENTS: Why Focus on Management Skill Development? Given that a â€Å"skill development† course requires more time and effort than a course using the traditional lecture/discussion format, we are sometimes asked this question by students, especially those who have relatively little work experience. Reason #1: It focuses attention on what effective managers actually â€Å"do. † In an influential article, Henry Mintzberg

Descartes on Existence and Thought - 818 Words

Descartes’ ultimate goal in reaching his conclusions stem from the way he thought. As long as there was no doubt to reach a conclusion, he was right; so, his process of radical doubt is fully employed in his Meditations. Dismissing all knowledge that could be doubted however slight, Descartes sought out to find knowledge that held absolute certainty through questioning. His ultimate question, however, do we actually exist? How do we know? In his Meditations, one feels that Descartes is sitting around pondering ideas, and becomes aware that hes being aware. He is interested in this state of awareness, and notices hes thinking about something or another. He believes or hypothesizes that either God Is (existing), and is Good, hence would not deceive him; a bad force or entity might be trying to trick him; in either case he, Descartes, is thinking. He believes he has some control over what he thinks; thus, God is not fooling him and an evil force is not controlling him. So Descart es asserts, if one thinks, one has to be somebody to be thinking, so one exists. This conclusion is brought up through a process known as radical questioning or radical doubting; Descartes is trying to find something that cannot be found doubtful. He decides he is (exists), and that he is neither influenced totally by either God or a malevolent force. But how does Descartes reach these conclusions? In Meditation I and Meditation II, Descartes also argues that our conventional experiences of theShow MoreRelatedDiscourse on Descartes Skeptical Method1672 Words   |  7 PagesSebastian Gumina Paper Topic #1 Descartes’ Skeptical Method Descartes’ method offers definitive conclusions on certain topics, (his existence, the existence of God)but his reasoning is not without error. He uses three arguments to prove existence (His and God’s) that attempt to solidify his conclusions. 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Throughout this paper I will discuss what he has provided as proof and some of the complications that arise throughout his argument. You can find Descartes’ proof of the existence of God in the Third Meditation. Although to understand this argument you have to look at his previous meditation where he begins to build his argument with theRead MoreDescartes Epistemology1696 Words   |  7 PagesEpistemology ------------------------------------------------- Carefully explain Descartes’ cogito and his attempt to build his knowledge structure from the ground up. (Be as succinct as possible.) Does Descartes succeed or fail in that attempt? Justify your answer in full. 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During one of these meditations, Descartes creates the phrase, â€Å"cogito ergo sum†, I think, therefore I am, in his monumen tal book, Principles of Philosophy, though it was written in another

Social Comparison Theory free essay sample

Introduction Individuals tend to differentiate significantly in conditions of how they observe and assess their personalities abilities. There are individuals who observe themselves more positively and those more realistically. Research has exhibited that an individual possessing an enhanced view of one’s self-concept through social comparison tends to lead to extremely favorable outcomes. Social Comparison Theory The theory that I had chosen to discuss and research about would happen to be the Social Comparison Theory. In this theory, it simply asserts that the process in which people learn about themselves by comparing themselves to other members of society. In addition, it has been assumed that individuals contain a desire to compare their own opinions and abilities. This can be seen through comparison via physical reality or by through other people. However, through studies it had been concluded that individuals were assumed to in normalcy have a preference of comparing other individuals which were similar to themselves. Furthermore, (Kruglanski Mayseless, 1990) reports that there is a three-level analysis of social comparison. The first level, which is the most universal is a judgmental process meaning that social comparisons as judgments need to be thoroughly processed. The second level, which is less universal documents that social comparison as grouping, allocates a specific type of judgment structure. The third and last level, which the least universal relates to the particular contents of a specified comparison. Moreover, it can be noted that there are three forms of social comparisons: first being that individuals tend to minimize comparisons (Brickman Bullman, 1977). Second form being upward social comparison where an individual is comparing him/herself to another individual better then them, in which motivates them to work harder and perform better in order to reach that particular individuals level. Lastly, third form being downward social comparison where an individual is comparing him/herself to another individual worse off. Threatening one’s self-concept, individuals tend to have a preference to compare him/herself with individuals they recognize as worse off then them. Due to this, increase in subjective well-being tends to occur because downward social comparison seems to enhance self-concept and minimize anxiety (Gibbons, 1986). Event In order to understand social comparison theory better, I am going to bring up an event that relates to it. I was volunteering at the Chicago Rehab Institute a year ago and a patient I was working with had been diagnosed as paraplegia due to an accident. I remember one day, he was mentioning to me that to cope better with his condition, he compared himself to his roommate who was far worse off then he was in the sense his roommate had ALS. This illustrates downward social comparison. Another event, but illustrates upward social comparison occurs with my brother. When he was in high school, he was on the track team and he was running the 400 meters. After he had finished the race at the state competition, he had compared his score to that of the high school state record for the 400 meters. Article In addition, to understand this theory even better, it can be related to an empirical article I had found, which basically discusses about social comparison in everyday life. In the article, the author details a new apparatus for students to record their social comparison methods. This new apparatus is called the Rochester Social Comparison Record. It had been found that 1) the direction of comparison differed with the correlation in conjunction with the target; 2) pre-comparison mood had led to an increase in upward compared to downward comparison; 3) downward comparison had increased subjective well- being, while upward comparison had decreased it; and 4) high self-esteem individuals participated in more social comparisons. Furthermore, the authors had concluded three significant findings. First, related comparison tends to be normal with close friendship, while non-related comparisons tend to be normal with distal friendship. Second finding is that comparison target will be inter-correlated to pre-comparison affect. For example, if a person is experiencing a downward comparison, it is a low-subjective well being while if a person is experiencing an upward comparison, it is a high-subjective well being. Third finding is that downward comparison will greatly make an impact on subjective well being, while upward comparison most likely will be directed to negative affective reactions. The last finding that the authors had discovered is that self-esteem and the target of comparison is highly correlated to each other respectively. Looking at downward comparison, individuals that display low self-esteem when their self-esteem is in jeopardy will associate in a downward spiral. Likewise, with upward comparison, individuals that display a positive self-esteem when their self-esteem has significantly increased, will associate in an upward spiral. Conclusion Recommendations It can be noted from the article, events, and theory that their related and connected in a way. All three indicate that within social comparison, human beings tend to compare themselves with others when they lack the ability to assess their opinions and abilities on their own. Moreover, all three exhibit a relation that there are two types of comparisons within social comparison. First being upward social comparison, where an individual compares him/herself with that of another individual who is better off. Second being downward social comparison, when an individual compares him/herself with that of another individual who is lesser off. Furthermore, from the article I had found limitations are always present in any research. The subjects utilized in the study were predominantly first semester freshman and was a class requirement, so instead of truly reflecting their beliefs for researchers to see, they could have just not been truthful just to pass the class. In addition, more women than men had been in participation throughout the study and this could have had an impact on the overall findings and conclusion to how social comparison is used in everyday life. Lastly, comparisons tend most likely to be understated and so with this, it was taken into account that not every individual had reported every instance of social comparison. Concluding, it can be seen that human beings hold an urge for self-evaluation and that human beings have a desire to measure their opinions and acquire some ideas of how skilled they are. This is why social comparison theory is an integral part of how people go about their lives everyday.

Iran Iraq war causes and consequences free essay sample

Iran-Iraq conflict causes and consequences (1980-88) INTRODUCTION : This conflict began when Iraq invaded iran in 1980 followed by border disputes and Irq’s desire to become dominant Persian Gulf state and the Iranian revolution at that time .but they couldn’t get the control they only occupied some portion of iran and then repelled by iran .Despite calls for a ceasefire by the United Nations Security Council, hostilities continued until 20 August 1988. The war finally ended with Resolution 598, Causes : The causes of Iran Iraq conflicts can be attributed to wide range of issues Political causes-historical claims of territory, Shatt Al Arab waterway dispute and result of six day war Economic causes- occupying of Khuzestan, religious  Cultural causes- cultural differences between Iran and Iraq and results of the Iranian revolution Long term causes: Historical disputes: The historical disputes over the shatt al arab waterway and border can be traced back to the Islamic period that occurred in 7 th century. We will write a custom essay sample on Iran Iraq war causes and consequences or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page invasions and counter invasions occurred between Mesopotamia and Persia regions.Iraq’s population was primarily composed of arab with small minority of kurds.Iran’s population was more diverse Persian,kurds,baluchis,turkmans and other tukic groups. In 1420 ad safavid empire began rebelling against dominance of Ottoman empire in Middle east. Ottomoan empire was In control over Iraq and safavid empire was in control of curren Iran.distinct branches in Islam (shai and sunni)became more distinct.resulted in the beginning of present day nationalism.in 1639 ad treaty of zuhab border lines between countries had always been vauge when described in the treaty of zuhab.the treaty was signed between former Ottomon empire (the Iraqis)and the safavid empire(Iran).treaty of zuhab stated that the border between Iran and Iraq would run between the zagros mountains and the tigris river.this treaty acted as final solution to the hundred year territorial dispute between the two countries.it grants the Persians tsoutheren Caucasus and all of Mesopotamia to the Ottomans the treaty however did not end the animosity  between Iran and Iraq.18 additional trations were digned before the turn of the twentieth century. In 1847 treaty of ezerum,was signed by two countries deeming the water way as a border.russian and Britain assumed roles as medi ators to 1847 treaty.Iraq would maintain complete control of this waterway and territories to the east and Iran would only granted minimal access to the river.however Iran only agreed upon these terms in exchange for two Iraqi cities.however shortly after Iran began to push their claims west.wanted to maintain part, if not all of shatt waterway and have unlimited access. In 1937 a revised treaty was established between the newly established and independent Iran and Iraq.the boundaries were to run along the left bank(east bank) of shatt al arab,except for a stretch of 8 kilometers in front of Abadan(Iranian town).Iran and Iraq maintained a somewhat friendly relationship. relationship was later disrupted by instability of monarchies. Border and shatt al arab water way disputes. Shatt al arab water way is responsible for the connection between the Persian gulf with Iranian ports of khorramshan and Abadan and Iraqi port of basra.the shatt al arab is of utmost significance as it acts as the current Iraq’s only access to the Persian gulf.the Russians supported the desired claim of the eastern bank waterway to the Persians while the Britain backup the Ottoman in occupying both banks.the support from the Russians and bretain in the occupying for the river would give them each an upper hand with their trading partners Shatt al arab treaty 1847 treaty was established and stated that the shatt would act as boundary khorramshahn and Abadan.Iraq would maintain complete control of this waterway and Iran would not be granted access to the river.howerver,Iran only agreed upon these terms in exchange for the two Iraqi cities.they turn reducd their dependence on the river. Short term causes: Result of six day war: The participation of Iraq during the October war,more commonly referred to as the six day war,under the governing of the Baath party was quite minimal.their minimal participation is primarly attributed to iarq’s poor preparation.this resulted in Iraq’s mentality to improve their warfare and  expand military.iraqpurchased 1600 additional tanks from the USSR and 200 more aircrafts.Baath party promoted saddam to head of military competence,essentially giving saddam the right to complete military control. Nationalism rivalry for power: Result of Iranian revolution: shah of Iran was overthrown in 1979 by radical Islamist and communist.ayatollah Khomeini came into power . the Iranian government led by shah was previously pro-western and anti-socialist turned into highly religious and theocratic government.Israel and the united states were now seen as enimies.mentality of Iranian government was drastically altered. Quest for dominance: with overthrowing of shah dictatorship,the shi’i muslims of Iran saw this as the new beginning for the country.they developed a strong sense of pride and nationlisam in their country.ayatollah Khomeini accused saddam’s regime of being anti-Islamic and overly secular. Looking to overthrow Iraqi regime. That was part of khomeinini’s border plan of expanding the Islamic revolution throughout the middle east. Saddam Hussein ,in Iraq was at the same time looking to establish himself as a great leader in the arab community.their neighbor’s in the west were seen as their largest threat.Iran was viewed as military vulanarable as result of their recent revolution in 1979.it is difficult to pinpoint precisely to when thewar broke out.earliest forms of violence between two countries are the attack of Iranian villages of khmoneini supporting Iraqis in 1979 by Iraq and the support of rebel groups and the deportation of Iraq born Iraqi civilians.majority of these acts of violence occurred at the border between Iran and Iraq The occupation of Khuzestan: Another geographic region that was considered valuble in addition to the shatt al arab ws Khuzestan.Iarq strategized to sieze control over Khuzestan(occurd in 1980),which is located in south western Iran across from the waterway.khuzestan is rich with oil and is responsible for majority of Iran’s oil supply.saddam was convinced that the capture of this valuble piece of land would result in a new Iranian revolution that would call for the instillations of a government whose intrests were more comparable with Iraq’s. Religious and governmental differences: Difference in ideologies and religious beliefs between Iran and Iraq was an outstanding issue.newly established leaders caused an increased level of nationalism. The invasion of Iran by saddam Hussein acted as culmination to fighting. Effects during the Iran Iraq war: In the final stages of war(1987-1988) no clear military gain for either sides’1983-84 stalemate. Iraq began facing difficulties prior to 1987.lacked capability to counter attack Iranian offensives. outnumbered by population. Iran strengthened by war strong initiative in 1987 attacks seeming better able to survive along conflict.since regaining all lost territory in 1982,Iran was on the offensive until 1988.course of war changed radically in spring of 1988 moving nations to cease fire. Series of Iraqi victories in 1988 compelled Iran to accept previously refused ceasefire agreement. Taker war: Tanker war of 1984 Iraqi attempt to sabotage Iran.strait of hormuz one of the most strategically important passages for oil transport. United states threatened to invade Iran if they closed strait. Iraq attacked Iranian kharg island iol tankers in 1984.iran retailed by attacking tankers of all countries that supported Iraq. Both nations attacked oil tankers and merchant ships in an effort to bankrupt opponent. US involvement lead to death of 290 innocent passengers on mistaken airline,strike on 5 oil vessels.damaged Iranian American relations. War of cities: Stalemate 1985-1987,Iraqi forces better trained ,out numbered by Iranian forces,civilinas became new target.started by Iraq February 1988.Iraq attacked 65 Iranian citites in 42 days 8 missile targets killed 65 children in an elementary school. Iranian civilian aircrafts,trains,Teheran oil refinery were destroyed . Iraq launched 520 scuds at Iran, received 177 in return.in march Iran retaliated by launching 3 scud missiles at Baghdad.gave Iraq excuse to sharply escalate war. Iran was losing morale after 8 years of  conflict. Repeated offesives exhausted Iranian capabilities for the war. Iranians no longer supported the war. Publicizing the war pushed for UN ceasefire .Iran ambiguously accepted.USSR and China denied US,UK and France’s arms embargo. Iran angrily denied USSR limited missile ceasefire. Iraqi Kurdistan: Iraqi controlled portion. Historically oppressed by the Iraqi government. Kurdish support for Iran angered Iraq. Iraq launched support for Iran angered Iraq. Iraq launched heavy poison gas attacks on halabjah, march 1988. Khomeini showed will to accept resolution 598 â€Å"happy are those who have departed through martyrdom †¦.unhappy am I that I have drunk this poisoned chalice â€Å". United States only nation that did not publicly condemn use of chemical warfare. Final stages –moving towards ceasefire: 1988 critical turning point in war’s outcome. 3 factors: that played a major role are decline of Iran’s ability to continue fighting due to political and military losses .western presence in gulf combined with Iran’s diplomatic isolation. critical changes to Iraq’s armed forces and methods of warfare. Cease fire: Iran accepted peace resolution 598 on august 20 1988, both sides agreed to pre-war boundaries. Important aspects of Resolution 598: Accept ceasefire and withdraw forces. Settle border disputes under UN held negotiations. Same terms as 1982 resolution. final exchange of POW in 2003. Effects after war: In Iraq: Political effects: Immediately rebuilt broken ties with Saudi Arabia ,Kuwait , Bahrain . started relations with European countries. Diplomatic problems with west untouched. UN was looking to contain Iran. New Iranian leadership (1989) ayatollah khomenini dies, ali Khamenei elected as supreme leader of Iran by assembly of experts. Akbar Rafsanjani elected as president. Adopted economy first policy.attempted to boost foreign investment and trade through liberalizing Iranian markets. Supported privatization policy. Economic reforms helped spur Iranian regrowth. Economic effects: Collapsing economy, futher declined collapse from Islamic revolution. More than 1 million casualities. Exhausted foreign reserves (14.6 billions to 1 billion). Saudi Arabia vetoed Iranian OPEC attempt to cut production and raise prices. Cultural effects: Shi’a muslims continued to dominate. Iranian revolutionary guard corps created to defend theocratic rule (Shiite national guard). Before his death, khomenin tried influencing sunni Iranians with his own theocratic beliefs. The 90s saw an imbalance of religion and republicanism. Technological effects: Outcome of war influenced scientific advancements in Iran.experianced technological and research revival.has fastest scientific growth rate. In Iraq: political effects: US-Iraq ties. Us largest western supporter of Iraq during the war. Iraq believed it could act without consequence in Gulf war.president bush signed NSD26, US wants to maintain friendly relations with gulf oil states.national security for US and stability in Gulf. Iraq relied on the oil exports to rrebuild economy .law of supply states that as supply increses, price decreses (vice versa). Kuwait refused to implement quota. Iraq’s economy unable to rebuild from war reparations. Accusations of Kuwait drilling illegally in Irqa oil fields. Lead to invasion of Kuwait in 1990. Cultural effects : Hussein introduced austerity measures to mobilize population for war effort. All citizens required to donate blood. To gain Shiite support, more were let into the government . brought support by making generous contributions of shia waqf.in Kurdish genocide systematic attacks against Kurdish population. US assisted Iraq in avoiding repercussions from worldwide condemnation. mustard gas, sarin chemical weapons. massacred 50000-100000 civilians. destroyed 4000 villages,4500 schools mosques, hospitals and 27 churches. War brought international attention to Kurdish oppression. UN passed resolution 688 in 1991,condemning Iraqi oppression of Kurd. demanded access to humanitarian aid. Economic effects: 600 billions debt accumulated with the destruction of economic developments. relations with allies grew tense as Iraq unable to pay back debts. Slowed GDP growth. eventually became most indebted poor country in the world. Conclusion: 8 years of fighting in vain,for both sides.this is the deadliest conflits since world war II.both countries were devasted economically. Iran seemed to have learnt from mistakes, while bankrupt Iraq found it self involved in another conflict .in 1990,saddam Hussein recognized Iranian rights over eastern half of shaat-al –Arab. First widespread use of chemical warfare since 1918.and Iran became more militaristic and anti-western.

Doing Business in Japan

Doing Business in Japan FACTS STATISTICSHistoryDuring the 1500's, Japan was divided and at war with itself. Three leaders came along, the first being Oda Nobunaga, who is known for being merciless. He showed no mercy to his adversaries and, through this ruthless approach, helped end the wars and created a foundation for peace. Vying for control and assuming leadership after Nobunaga was Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who was known for his intelligence. He built social structure and earned respect as a true leader. Gaining control after Hideyoshi was Tokugawa Iyeyasu. He had waited almost four decades for his turn as Shogun and, through patience and perseverance, the rewards finally came.(Meyer)For the next 200 years, Japan endured a period of isolation from foreign influence. After the 1854 Treaty of Kanagawa with the US, Japan opened its ports, beginning a period of industrialization and modernization. In the late 1800's and early 1900's, Japan became a regional military power, defeating the forces of both China and Russia.Figure 3Japan then occupied the smaller surrounding countries of Korea and Taiwan. Upon its occupation of Manchuria in 1931, Japan proceeded to launch a full scale invasion of China. Following its defeat in World War II, Japan recovered to become an economic power and ally of the US.GovernmentJapan's form of government is parliamentarian democracy under the rule of a constitutional monarch. The Prime Minister is the chief government officer although Japan's emperor continues to retain his throne as a symbol of national unity. However, the true governing power resides in its legislature, also known as the National Diet. The legislature consists of the House of Representatives and House of Councilors. The House of Representatives is responsible for passing bills and is considered the more powerful of the two branches. There are 480...

Assignment #2 Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignment #2 - Statistics Project Example It depicts the representation of distinct graphical illustration of the underlying positive kurtosis. The dataset is mainly linked to the left of the mean of satisfaction depicting a general level of democracy among the populace (Goodwin, 189-239). The ordinal scales are constantly discrete in nature and is applicable to existing model of corresponding data analysis. Nominal variable are number of employees and corresponding level of democracy. The stage of democracies of the population is adversely skewed as compared to the underlying interval variable. This scatter plot offers a platform for representation of the underlying set of dataset and commonly derived prior to analysis of the linear correlation coefficient of the prevailing variants data (Goodwin, 189-239). The level of democracy is inversely proportionate to the prevailing number of the underlying workers in the company. The relationship is adversely related concerning extends of democracy. The 95% confidence level around the mean for the interval variable is 5.466553063. The upper limit of 5.466553063+ 0.095678992 whilst the lower limit is 5.466553063- 0.095678992 thus all the existing 95% contains the mean Bar chary helps in summarization of the prevailing categorical data in the exploratory data assessment of data examination to exhibit fundamental distribution of the data convenient format. This mainly represents the underlying ordinal and corresponding nominal data. Confidence 95percentage level encompasses the underlying the existing populace. The standard deviation of democracy is 206.5344828. The skewness and kurtosis of the dataset is -0.608361087 and 1.131668626

Blackberry Strategic Management Dissection Research Paper - Stage 2

Blackberry Strategic Management Dissection - Stage 2 - Research Paper Example Blackberry, is among the major players in the communication industry, and must also not be left behind. In trying to remain competitive and relevant in the communication sector, Blackberry has so far developed and adopted various strategies which it tries to put in place. A strategy refers to an action or a set of plans that one uses in order to achieve one or more desired goals. Just from its vision and mission statement-of which vision is to offer solutions for global communication market including software products- the objective is to dominate the mobile computing marketplace of tablets and Smartphone. A strategy is therefore significant in order for it any firm to achieve its goals and objectives (Rumelt, 2011). Corporate strategy is mainly concerned with how the management of a given company provides clear directions for all its business units. This includes how the departments of the firm work together in order to achieve a given set of objectives of shareholders while ensuring that the value of the firm is also met (Cappelli, 1999). Some of the strategies are strategy of diversification. This is mainly concerned with how a firm can reduce risks that it is exposed to (Capon, Farley & Hulbert, 1987). Diversification can be when a firm introduces some new products and services for example Blackberry have introduced new services as enterprise services, messaging QNX embedded business and the devices business. Diversification has also seen Blackberry moved to different countries with varied levels of risks where they have even partnered with Faxconn to manufacture smartphones in Indonesia and also other rapidly growing markets. Diversification also has seen Blackberry reduce costs of producti on and at the same time increase on their market share as they can reach a greater number of people (Porter, 1996). Blackberry has also applied generic strategies. This is mainly concerned with extending in boundaries of the business by realizing synergies

Perception of the CABEIHM Students Essay Example for Free

Perception of the CABEIHM Students Essay Romeo G. Fajardo (2006) stressed that the student’s success is dependent on their effectiveness, efficiency and concentration on studying and these are affected by the learning materials they use and the way they use it. Hence, the value of studying is precious and not to be squandered, no matter what the students believe regarding this matter. Study habits play a major role in academic achievement of the students because without this habit, certainly they cannot fully succeeded on their study. Students cannot learn simply by being told what to do or by watching others, they have to practice studying frequently. Successful students employ time management system to create study patterns that work and use active learning methods to add meaning and interest to their study time and maintaining their motivation by connecting reasons for study to their life goals and values. Learners must develop and established good study habits in doing school work, which can raised their academic performance. If the students can easily develop a good study skills, this can be considered as their assets as learner. Students can easily attain the mastery and areas of specialization and excellent performances for them to gradually attain achievements through their consistent study habits. High grades are commonly the aim of the students. According to Aguire (2004), it is not enough to simply think about studying but to actually do it or apply it. Practicing doesn’t make perfect but practice of studying can make students perfect end successful. The value of education of study habits interrelates the value of studying wherein the student can easily save time, make every hour of studying counts, consider when they will study and accepts the thing and assurance that the students can have. High educational achievement attained by the learners in school is the primary objective of education. It cannot be achieved in a split second or snap of a finger. Many school learners fail in their studies due to their inability to cope with the daily obstacles and demands in schools. Effective study skills are about more than understanding and it must be practiced in order to improve and enable the students to perform in school properly. It is not enough to simply â€Å"think about† studying, it must be performed. Study habits are considered as routinary activity of the students, there is a lot of things that can influence their way of studying for each passing day. Now, the trends in technology can easily catch the student’s attention. Since students are one of the target of fast changing technology, there are several web pages known as social networking site created for them and this became trending because of its several links. As time goes by, the usage of social networking site became virtual habit of the students. Before, they were devoting their free time in studying; now they are spending more time in using social network , some uses it to improve their way of studying and others is to just enjoy the features of it. On the other hand, nowadays studies of the students are getting harder, they rely on social network because they perceive it as a tool in getting access to information easily but unfortunately this could affect their studying capabilities, focus and attention unlike before when the social network is not yet existing wherein students rely on traditional way of studying, specifically the usage of books. The researchers opted to conduct this study because they are interested to determine the effects of the usage of social network in their study habits. Background of the study College of Accountancy Business Economics and International Hospitality Management (CABEIHM) offers five courses; BS in Accounting Management, BS in Accountancy, BS in Business Administration, BS in Hotel and Restaurant Management and BS in Tourism Management. It has the most numbered students who are also using social network in their study. Considering this, it is interesting to determine their perception regarding the social networking effects on their study habits. The researchers opted to conduct this study because they will be determining if the respondents can clearly indicate their perception on the effects of emerging social networking in their study habits. Setting of the Study The study of the Perception of the CABEIHM Students on the Effect of Social Networking on their Study Habits The respondents will be 200 CABEIHM Students who are selected from 1st – 4th year.

Egoist and Utilitarian Responses to Terrorism :: Egoist, Utilitarian

Terrorism was not a dormant issue in the media until the attacks on the USA. The organised use of violence to target non-combatants for political purposes, is one of the most effective ways to gain media attention. Mainly used by extremist groups in the hopes of gaining recognition for their religious or political cause. Several attacks on the US have recently made headlines The attack on the USS Cole (October 12, 2000), US Embassy bombings in Kenya + Tanzania (August 7, 1998), Oklahoma City bombing (April 19, 1995) , the World Trade Centre bombing on February 27 1993 and finally the World Trade Centre bombing on September 11, 2001. . There were overt threats made to the US government regarding these attacks but most were dismissed as hoaxes. What we need to recognize about terrorism is its message. Attacks are usually perfectly planned and precise. In the attack on the WTC and pentagon, thousands of innocent people died when the Al-Quaida flew 3 passenger aircraft into both towers and crashed one into the pentagon, the USA’s best-guarded facility. Hopefully these deaths were not in vein, now other countries have joined George Bush in the war against terrorism and are launching repeated strikes on Afghanistan (the Al-Quaida’s supposed base.) They hope that these attacks will prevent any further events from happening. These attacks have in my view displayed that the Taliban can control the US economy and hit any target they wish, no matter how well guarded it is. Perhaps America should have been more cautious and handled the threats more carefully. Maybe they were being too proud and this is why the Taliban believe it is justifiable to kill innocents, or they chose to attack now because America was just feeling safe. Whatever the reason, we will never know. In 2002, the world changed forever. Anthrax, a biological weapon was released into the postal system and a commercial aircraft was turned into a 1000 tonne missile. War will have a new face, it will not be against an enemy firing projectiles, but instead, an invisible, deadly network of shadows attacking miscellaneous targets in random locations. This is why if we don’t act quickly; the world could be cast into turmoil. So how do other people feel about this topic? This is how I think an Egoist would feel. The word egoist means that you are only concerned with things that may affect you in the long run.

Arts & academic Essay

First of all, I have the diligence, determination, and aptitude to take on an Arts degree and make the most out of it. In such a large university, the ability to interact with peers and mentors both on academic and social levels is of also prime importance for survival. I am fortunately blessed with exceptional communication and interpersonal skills that allow me to be able to interact well in diverse groups. I can speak out my mind politely and explain my thoughts clearly and comfortably to make my peers and mentors understand my ideas accurately. However, the quality in me that I believe above all else would make me a success in a university Arts program is my strong vision of what I intend to be in life. This vision of mine has guided me throughout my education, keeping me in track with what I want out of life. My vision gives me an exact sense of personality, and through it I derive meaning and originality. I know what I want and I know that I have what it takes to make it happen, and that will eventually make me a success in your Arts program.

The Ethics Of The New Employees - 964 Words

The role of the leaders is to influence their followers by demonstrating to them the behaviors and the boundaries that are set within the organization. Some of the appropriate and desired behaviors are nurtured through the company’s culture and socialization process of the new employees (Francesca, 2016). The new employees learn a lot of thing about the organization through watching their leaders in action. Therefore, when the leaders have failed to â€Å"walk the talk,† also, their juniors are likely to fall their steps and a culture of being unethical is born. A leader-follower ethics relationship should be a continuous process instead of a one-time intermittent event. Therefore, for the leaders to influence their followers to act ethically, they have first to communicate the ethical standards and continuously back up the same with real examples. This implies that writing a code of ethics is not just enough to step of indoctrinating ethics in the organization. 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